SpringBoot整合MyBatis多数据源

一、介绍

在平常的项目中,我们有连接数据库的需求。一般都是一个项目一个数据库,但也有例外需要连接多个数据库的。

那么该如何配置,可以达到多数据源的需求呢。

本次为SpringBootMyBatis的整合,其实掌握了需要配置什么,也很容易进行复刻。

二、配置

1)数据库准备

首先,我们先准备三个数据库吧,这边都使用MySQL了,实际可以是不同的数据库

  • test数据库

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    create database `test` character set utf8mb4 collate utf8mb4_general_ci;

    CREATE TABLE `sys_user` (
    `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
    `username` varchar(32) NOT NULL COMMENT '用户名',
    `password` varchar(128) NOT NULL COMMENT '密码',
    PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;

    INSERT INTO `sys_user`(`id`, `username`, `password`) VALUES (1, 'banmoon', '1234');
    INSERT INTO `sys_user`(`id`, `username`, `password`) VALUES (2, 'user', '1234');
  • test01数据库

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    create database `test01` character set utf8mb4 collate utf8mb4_general_ci;

    CREATE TABLE `sys_user` (
    `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
    `username` varchar(32) NOT NULL COMMENT '用户名',
    `password` varchar(128) NOT NULL COMMENT '密码',
    PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;

    INSERT INTO `sys_user`(`id`, `username`, `password`) VALUES (1, 'test01', '1234');
    INSERT INTO `sys_user`(`id`, `username`, `password`) VALUES (2, 'test01User', '1234');
  • test02数据库

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    create database `test02` character set utf8mb4 collate utf8mb4_general_ci;

    CREATE TABLE `sys_user` (
    `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
    `username` varchar(32) NOT NULL COMMENT '用户名',
    `password` varchar(128) NOT NULL COMMENT '密码',
    PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;

    INSERT INTO `sys_user`(`id`, `username`, `password`) VALUES (1, 'test02', '1234');
    INSERT INTO `sys_user`(`id`, `username`, `password`) VALUES (2, 'test02User', '1234');

2)配置

首先,maven依赖包不能忘记

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<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>2.2.2</version>
</dependency>

然后,我们需要在配置文件上配置上三个数据库的配置信息。

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spring:
datasource:
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&allowMultiQueries=true
username: root
password: 1234

dynamic-datasource:
test01:
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test01?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&allowMultiQueries=true
username: root
password: 1234
test02:
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test02?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&allowMultiQueries=true
username: root
password: 1234

怎么配置不重要,清爽就好,重点在于读取。

我们需要读取上面配置文件的信息,配置生成SqlSessionTemplateSqlSessionFactoryPlatformTransactionManager,如此来达到多数据源的功能

test数据库连接的相关配置

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package com.banmoon.test.config.datasource;

import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.jdbc.DataSourceBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
import org.springframework.core.io.support.PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

@Configuration
@MapperScan(basePackages = {"com.banmoon.test.persistent.master.mapper"},
sqlSessionFactoryRef = "masterSqlSessionFactory")
public class MasterDatasourceConfig {

/**
* 寻找配置文件中的数据源配置信息
* @return
*/
@Primary
@Bean("masterDatasourceProperties")
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource")
public DataSourceProperties dataSourceProperties(){
return new DataSourceProperties();
}

/**
* 构建数据源
* @param properties
* @return
*/
@Primary
@Bean("masterDatasource")
public DataSource dataSource(@Qualifier("masterDatasourceProperties") DataSourceProperties properties){
DataSource build = DataSourceBuilder.create()
.driverClassName(properties.getDriverClassName())
.url(properties.getUrl())
.username(properties.getUsername())
.password(properties.getPassword())
.build();
return build;
}

/**
* 构建事务管理器
* @param dataSource
* @return
*/
@Primary
@Bean(name = "masterTransactionManager")
public PlatformTransactionManager dataSourceTransactionManager(@Qualifier("masterDatasource") DataSource dataSource) {
return new DataSourceTransactionManager(dataSource);
}

/**
* 构建sqlSession工厂
* @param dataSource
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
@Bean(name = "masterSqlSessionFactory")
public SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory(@Qualifier("masterDatasource") DataSource dataSource) throws Exception {
final SqlSessionFactoryBean sessionFactoryBean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
sessionFactoryBean.setDataSource(dataSource);
sessionFactoryBean.setTypeHandlersPackage("com.banmoon.test.persistent.master.entity");
sessionFactoryBean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources("classpath:/mapper/master/*.xml"));
return sessionFactoryBean.getObject();
}

/**
* 构建sqlSession
* @param sqlSessionFactory
* @return
*/
@Primary
@Bean(name = "masterSqlSessionTemplate")
public SqlSessionTemplate sqlSessionTemplate(@Qualifier("masterSqlSessionFactory") SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory) {
return new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory);
}

}

test01数据库连接的相关配置

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package com.banmoon.test.config.datasource;

import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.jdbc.DataSourceBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
import org.springframework.core.io.support.PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

@Configuration
@MapperScan(basePackages = {"com.banmoon.test.persistent.test01.mapper"},
sqlSessionFactoryRef = "test01SqlSessionFactory")
public class Test01DatasourceConfig {

@Bean("test01DatasourceProperties")
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "dynamic-datasource.test01")
public DataSourceProperties dataSourceProperties(){
return new DataSourceProperties();
}

@Primary
@Bean("test01Datasource")
public DataSource dataSource(@Qualifier("test01DatasourceProperties") DataSourceProperties properties){
DataSource build = DataSourceBuilder.create()
.driverClassName(properties.getDriverClassName())
.url(properties.getUrl())
.username(properties.getUsername())
.password(properties.getPassword())
.build();
return build;
}

@Primary
@Bean(name = "test01TransactionManager")
public PlatformTransactionManager dataSourceTransactionManager(@Qualifier("test01Datasource") DataSource dataSource) {
return new DataSourceTransactionManager(dataSource);
}

@Bean(name = "test01SqlSessionFactory")
public SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory(@Qualifier("test01Datasource") DataSource dataSource) throws Exception {
final SqlSessionFactoryBean sessionFactoryBean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
sessionFactoryBean.setDataSource(dataSource);
sessionFactoryBean.setTypeHandlersPackage("com.banmoon.test.persistent.test01.entity");
sessionFactoryBean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources("classpath:/mapper/test01/*.xml"));
return sessionFactoryBean.getObject();
}

@Primary
@Bean(name = "test01SqlSessionTemplate")
public SqlSessionTemplate sqlSessionTemplate(@Qualifier("test01SqlSessionFactory") SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory) {
return new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory);
}

}

test02数据库连接的相关配置

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package com.banmoon.test.config.datasource;

import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.jdbc.DataSourceBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
import org.springframework.core.io.support.PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

@Configuration
@MapperScan(basePackages = {"com.banmoon.test.persistent.test02.mapper"},
sqlSessionFactoryRef = "test02SqlSessionFactory")
public class Test02DatasourceConfig {

@Bean("test02DatasourceProperties")
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "dynamic-datasource.test02")
public DataSourceProperties dataSourceProperties(){
return new DataSourceProperties();
}

@Primary
@Bean("test02Datasource")
public DataSource dataSource(@Qualifier("test02DatasourceProperties") DataSourceProperties properties){
DataSource build = DataSourceBuilder.create()
.driverClassName(properties.getDriverClassName())
.url(properties.getUrl())
.username(properties.getUsername())
.password(properties.getPassword())
.build();
return build;
}

@Primary
@Bean(name = "test02TransactionManager")
public PlatformTransactionManager dataSourceTransactionManager(@Qualifier("test02Datasource") DataSource dataSource) {
return new DataSourceTransactionManager(dataSource);
}

@Bean(name = "test02SqlSessionFactory")
public SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory(@Qualifier("test02Datasource") DataSource dataSource) throws Exception {
final SqlSessionFactoryBean sessionFactoryBean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
sessionFactoryBean.setDataSource(dataSource);
sessionFactoryBean.setTypeHandlersPackage("com.banmoon.test.persistent.test02.entity");
sessionFactoryBean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources("classpath:/mapper/test02/*.xml"));
return sessionFactoryBean.getObject();
}

@Primary
@Bean(name = "test02SqlSessionTemplate")
public SqlSessionTemplate sqlSessionTemplate(@Qualifier("test02SqlSessionFactory") SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory) {
return new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory);
}

}

还有一个需要注意,我们需要排除掉MybatisAutoConfiguration类,避免它自动进行配置

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package com.banmoon.test;

import org.mybatis.spring.boot.autoconfigure.MybatisAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication(exclude = MybatisAutoConfiguration.class)
public class TestApplication {

public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(TestApplication.class, args);
}

}

配置完成,那么该如何去写EntityMapper呢?

请注意,在我们构建sqlSessionFactory的时候,就已经指定了它Entity的包路径和Mapper的包路径。

所以我只需要在指定的包路径在创建EntityMapper就可以了。

3)编写实体和Mapper

如下进行编写User.javaUserMapper.javaUserMapper.xml

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package com.banmoon.test.persistent.master.entity;

import java.io.Serializable;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
import lombok.experimental.Accessors;

@Data
@EqualsAndHashCode(callSuper = false)
@Accessors(chain = true)
public class User implements Serializable {

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

private Integer id;

/**
* 用户名
*/
private String username;

/**
* 密码
*/
private String password;

}
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package com.banmoon.test.persistent.master.mapper;

import com.banmoon.test.persistent.master.entity.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;

import java.util.List;

@Mapper
public interface UserMapper {

List<User> selectList();

}
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.banmoon.test.persistent.master.mapper.UserMapper">

<!-- 通用查询映射结果 -->
<resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.banmoon.test.persistent.master.entity.User">
<id column="id" property="id" />
<result column="username" property="username" />
<result column="password" property="password" />
</resultMap>

<select id="selectList" resultType="com.banmoon.test.persistent.master.entity.User">
select * from sys_user
</select>

</mapper>

由于演示的三个数据库,里面建的表结构都是一样的,这里就不再贴代码了,贴一个包路径结构

image-20220606214416229

image-20220606214444285

4)测试

以前我还很喜欢写Controller去进行测试,现在直接单元测试,直接进行调试了,简单快捷

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package com.banmoon.test;

import com.banmoon.test.persistent.master.entity.User;
import com.banmoon.test.persistent.master.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.banmoon.test.persistent.test01.entity.Test01User;
import com.banmoon.test.persistent.test01.mapper.Test01UserMapper;
import com.banmoon.test.persistent.test02.entity.Test02User;
import com.banmoon.test.persistent.test02.mapper.Test02UserMapper;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

import java.util.List;

@SpringBootTest
class ServiceTest {

@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;

@Autowired
private Test01UserMapper test01UserMapper;

@Autowired
private Test02UserMapper test02UserMapper;

@Test
void insertTest() {
List<User> list = userMapper.selectList();
list.forEach(System.out::println);

System.out.println("============");
List<Test01User> test01UserList = test01UserMapper.selectList();
test01UserList.forEach(System.out::println);

System.out.println("============");
List<Test02User> test02UserList = test02UserMapper.selectList();
test02UserList.forEach(System.out::println);
}

}

image-20220606220338657

三、MyBatis-Plus多数据源

1)自己配置

首先就是先写入maven依赖,这一点去官网可以查看到

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<dependency>
<groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>3.5.1</version>
</dependency>

至于多数据源的配置,其实和上面差不多的,主要需要将SqlSessionFactory改成MyBatis-plus中的实现就可以了,如下

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package com.banmoon.test.config.datasource;

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.spring.MybatisSqlSessionFactoryBean;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.jdbc.DataSourceBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
import org.springframework.core.io.support.PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

@Configuration
@MapperScan(basePackages = {"com.banmoon.test.persistent.master.mapper"},
sqlSessionFactoryRef = "masterSqlSessionFactory")
public class MasterDatasourceConfig {

/**
* 寻找配置文件中的数据源配置信息
* @return
*/
@Primary
@Bean("masterDatasourceProperties")
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource")
public DataSourceProperties dataSourceProperties(){
return new DataSourceProperties();
}

/**
* 构建数据源
* @param properties
* @return
*/
@Primary
@Bean("masterDatasource")
public DataSource dataSource(@Qualifier("masterDatasourceProperties") DataSourceProperties properties){
DataSource build = DataSourceBuilder.create()
.driverClassName(properties.getDriverClassName())
.url(properties.getUrl())
.username(properties.getUsername())
.password(properties.getPassword())
.build();
return build;
}

/**
* 构建事务管理器
* @param dataSource
* @return
*/
@Primary
@Bean(name = "masterTransactionManager")
public PlatformTransactionManager dataSourceTransactionManager(@Qualifier("masterDatasource") DataSource dataSource) {
return new DataSourceTransactionManager(dataSource);
}

/**
* 构建sqlSession工厂
* @param dataSource
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
@Bean(name = "masterSqlSessionFactory")
public SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory(@Qualifier("masterDatasource") DataSource dataSource) throws Exception {
// 修改为mp的SqlSessionFactoryBean
final MybatisSqlSessionFactoryBean sessionFactoryBean = new MybatisSqlSessionFactoryBean();
sessionFactoryBean.setDataSource(dataSource);
sessionFactoryBean.setTypeHandlersPackage("com.banmoon.test.persistent.master.entity");
sessionFactoryBean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources("classpath:/mapper/master/*.xml"));
return sessionFactoryBean.getObject();
}

/**
* 构建sqlSession
* @param sqlSessionFactory
* @return
*/
@Primary
@Bean(name = "masterSqlSessionTemplate")
public SqlSessionTemplate sqlSessionTemplate(@Qualifier("masterSqlSessionFactory") SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory) {
return new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory);
}

}

注意一下,由于只需要引入MyBatis-plus,所以启动类上的排除的类,已经可以不需要了

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package com.banmoon.test;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class TestApplication {

public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(TestApplication.class, args);
}

}

其他都差不多,是由代码生成器生成的EntityMapper,这里就不贴了,直接翻官网文档吧,里面很详细

上代码测试一下吧,其实和之前差不多,只是使用到的是MyBatis-plus中的方法

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package com.banmoon.test;

import com.banmoon.test.persistent.master.entity.User;
import com.banmoon.test.persistent.master.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.banmoon.test.persistent.test01.entity.Test01User;
import com.banmoon.test.persistent.test01.mapper.Test01UserMapper;
import com.banmoon.test.persistent.test02.entity.Test02User;
import com.banmoon.test.persistent.test02.mapper.Test02UserMapper;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

import java.util.List;

@SpringBootTest
class ServiceTest {

@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;

@Autowired
private Test01UserMapper test01UserMapper;

@Autowired
private Test02UserMapper test02UserMapper;

@Test
void insertTest() {
List<User> list = userMapper.selectList(null);
list.forEach(System.out::println);

System.out.println("============");
List<Test01User> test01UserList = test01UserMapper.selectList(null);
test01UserList.forEach(System.out::println);

System.out.println("============");
List<Test02User> test02UserList = test02UserMapper.selectList(null);
test02UserList.forEach(System.out::println);
}

}

image-20220607095738103

2)官方插件

在MyBatis-Plus中,有一个多数据源启动器,它可以做到以下这些功能

  • 支持 数据源分组 ,适用于多种场景 纯粹多库 读写分离 一主多从 混合模式。

  • 支持数据库敏感配置信息 加密 ENC()。

  • 支持每个数据库独立初始化表结构schema和数据库database。

  • 支持无数据源启动,支持懒加载数据源(需要的时候再创建连接)。

  • 支持 自定义注解 ,需继承DS(3.2.0+)。

  • 提供并简化对Druid,HikariCp,BeeCp,Dbcp2的快速集成。

  • 提供对Mybatis-Plus,Quartz,ShardingJdbc,P6sy,Jndi等组件的集成方案。

  • 提供 自定义数据源来源 方案(如全从数据库加载)。

  • 提供项目启动后 动态增加移除数据源 方案。

  • 提供Mybatis环境下的 纯读写分离 方案。

  • 提供使用 spel动态参数 解析数据源方案。内置spel,session,header,支持自定义。

  • 支持 多层数据源嵌套切换 。(ServiceA >>> ServiceB >>> ServiceC)。

  • 提供 **基于seata的分布式事务方案。

  • 提供 本地多数据源事务方案。

具体还是看官网文档吧,已经写的十分详细了,建议使用!!!

四、最后

虽然最近暂时没有此类的需求,但提前先记录测试一波,免得到时候手忙脚乱。

哦对,现在的确很少使用原生的MyBatis了,最近都是在使用MyBatis-plus

这是一个好框架,十分好用,建议学习,直接使用。

我是半月,祝你幸福!!!